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In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number

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sandy
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In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   08 Feb 2016, 15:40
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In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number of farmers continued to increase, but at a rate lower than that of the general population.



Which of the following statements directly contradicts the information presented above?

A) The number of farmers in the general population increased slightly in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880.
B) The rate of growth of the United States labor force and the rate of growth of the general population rose simultaneously in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880.
C) The proportion of farmers in the United States labor force remained constant in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880.
D) The proportion of farmers in the United States labor force decreased from 64 percent in 1850 to 49 percent in 1880.
E) The proportion of farmers in the general population increased from 68 percent in 1850 to 72 percent in 1880.



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sandy
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   08 Feb 2016, 15:41
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Explanation



The given sentence indicates that the proportion of farmers in the general population decreased from 1850 to 1880. Choice E says exactly the opposite — that this proportion increased — and therefore it contradicts the passage and is the correct response. Choice A is incorrect because it agrees with the given sentence, and Choices B, C, and D are all incorrect because they refer to the labor force, about which the given sentence says nothing.
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   26 Apr 2020, 23:57
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Consider 100 members of the general population.
According to choice E, if in the past, 68 percent of population were farmers, then there are 68 farmers and 32 other members. In the present, 72 percent of population were farmers, so that means 72 farmers and 28 members. 68 < 72 but 32 > 28. Hence, contradiction.
This is the logic I used, not sure if it's sound, especially because it is not mentioned about the total population increasing or decreasing in the 30 years time period.
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   11 Aug 2018, 04:42
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E states that farmers increased relative to the general population. The other answers are off the mark.
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Jeeva1989
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   01 Sep 2018, 23:18
In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number of farmers continued to increase, but at a rate lower than that of the general population.

The part in bold from the provided premise clearly conveys that the number of farmers increased. The answer choice (E) states "The proportion of farmers in the general population increased from 68 percent in 1850 to 72 percent in 1880". From the part of answer choice (E) which is in bold, it also supports that the premise (as per my understanding).

I am unable to understand how this answers the question stem "Which of the following statements directly contradicts the information presented above?"

Can someone please explain this?
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   02 Sep 2018, 04:16
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Very tricky question. It's more like math/logic question to me. I failed working under time constraint, but given some time to think I came up with this:
Let x be number of farmers, p be population, 1850 be period 1, and 1880 be period 2. Then, question says x2>x1, and (x2/x1)-1<(p2/p1)-1 => x2/x1 < p2/p1. Choice E says that x2/p2=68% > x1/p1=72% => x2/x1 > p2/p1, see contradiction?
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   02 Nov 2018, 08:00
E
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   22 Jun 2020, 11:23
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So since the population growth is lower than the rate of farmers, in order to contradict the statements we will need some ratio showing increase in the relative numbers of farmers.

A. Supports the statement
B Talks about labor force, thus irrelevant
C & D support by showing how farmer rates are lower
E. Uses 'proportion' to show an increase in number of farmers.

Thus E
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   09 Nov 2020, 02:47
F1 = 68 P1 = 32
F2 = 72 P2 = 28

Ratio = F2/F1 > P2/P1

It contradicts the passage
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halcykon
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink] New post   12 May 2022, 09:48
The problem I have with this question is that E doesn't prove that the number of farmers increased year over year, just that 1880 rates are 4% higher compared to 1850.
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