Re: The study seems to have a high degree of internal validity.
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27 Jun 2025, 04:37
1) Explanation
Let's break down the sentence blank by blank, looking for logical connections and the precise meaning required.
- Blank (i): "The external validity is harder to evaluate. It seems unlikely that the (i)
$\qquad$ would be true in a literal sense for all groups, but it may indicate a subtle form of stereotyping and racism..."
- The previous sentence introduces the difficulty of evaluating "external validity," which refers to how applicable a study's findings are to broader populations or real-world settings.
- The "but" signals a contrast: something about the study's finding or model isn't literally true for all groups, yet it still points to a broader phenomenon. The blank needs a word that refers to the established pattern, model, or conclusion of the study.
- A. paradigm: A typical example or pattern of something; a model. This fits well, referring to the pattern of bias observed in the study.
- B. aspersion: An attack on the reputation or integrity of someone or something; a derogatory remark. This is irrelevant to a study's findings.
- C. treachery: Betrayal of trust; deceptive action. This does not fit the context.
So, Blank (i) is A. paradigm.
- Blank (ii): "...a subtle form of stereotyping and racism (ii) $\qquad$ our mental processes that can have wide implications."
- This blank describes the nature of the relationship between the "subtle form of stereotyping and racism" and "our mental processes." The phrasing suggests that this bias is deeply embedded or inherent within our thought patterns.
- D. insular to: Limited in scope or perspective to; isolated to. This would mean the bias is only found in mental processes, which isn't the best fit for an ingrained quality.
- E. hindmost in: Farthest behind. This is a spatial term and doesn't fit.
- F. intrinsic to: Belonging naturally; essential to. This perfectly conveys the idea that this form of bias is an inherent or fundamental part of our mental processes, especially if it's "subtle" and "largely-subconscious."
So, Blank (ii) is F. intrinsic to.
- Blank (iii): "These results, insofar as they indicate a subtle, largely-subconscious aggression towards Muslims, may well be (iii) $\qquad$ to the general population."
- This sentence directly relates back to "external validity" from the beginning. If the results "may well be (iii) $\qquad$ to the general population," it means they can be extended, applied, or found to be true for the broader public beyond the study's specific subjects.
- G. generalized: Made more widely or generally applicable. This is the precise term used in research contexts for applying findings from a sample to a larger population, directly addressing external validity.
- H. postulated: Suggested or assumed as a fact or premise; hypothesized. This refers to proposing an idea, not applying results.
- I. acceded: Assented or agreed to a demand, request, or treaty. This is irrelevant.
So, Blank (iii) is G. generalized.
Putting It Together:
"The study seems to have a high degree of internal validity. It sought to measure the effect of Muslim headgear, race, and affect on shooter bias, and the correlations are statistically significant and valid. The external validity is harder to evaluate. It seems unlikely that the paradigm would be true in a literal sense for all groups, but it may indicate a subtle form of stereotyping and racism intrinsic to our mental processes that can have wide implications. These results, insofar as they indicate a subtle, largely-subconscious aggression towards Muslims, may well be generalized to the general population."
This completed passage flows logically, with each blank reinforcing the concepts of scientific study, psychological bias, and external validity.
The final answer is $\(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{F}, \mathrm{G}\)$.