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Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution h
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30 Jun 2020, 13:58
30 Jun 2020, 13:58
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Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution has shaped not only human morphology but also human behavior. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints was of feeling, thinking, and acting that "come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture. Our "frailties"-emotions and motives such as rage, fear, greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love-may be a very mixed assortment, but they share at least one immediate quality: we are, as we say, "in the grip" of them. And thus they give us our sense of constraints.
Unhappily, some of those frailties-our need for ever-increasing security among them-are presently maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.
Unhappily, some of those frailties-our need for ever-increasing security among them-are presently maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.
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Question Stats:
49% (02:21) correct
51% (02:27) wrong based on 141 sessions
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24. The primary purpose of the passage is to present
(A) a position on the foundations of human behavior and on what those foundations imply .
(B) a theory outlining the parallel development of human morphology and of human behavior .
(C) a diagnostic test for separating biologically determined behavior patterns from culture-specific detail
(D) a practical method for resisting the pressures of biologically determined drives
(E) an overview of those human emotions and motives that impose constraints on human behavior
Show: :: OA_24
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54% (01:43) correct
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25. The author implies that control to any extent over the "frailties" that constrain our behavior is thought to presuppose
(A) that those frailties are recognized as currently beneficial and adaptive
(B) that there is little or no overlay of cultural detail that masks their true nature
(C) that there are cultures in which those frailties do not "come naturally" and from which such control can be learned
(D) a full understanding of why those frailties evolved and of how they function now
(E) a thorough grasp of the principle that cultural detail in human behavior can differ arbitrarily from society to society
Show: :: OA_25
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25% (01:42) correct
75% (01:52) wrong based on 87 sessions
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26. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the "details" versus "constraints" distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
(A) The ability of most people to see all the colors of the visible spectrum as against most people's inability to name any but the primary colors
(B) The ability of even the least fortunate people to show compassion as against people's inability to mask their feelings completely
(C) The ability of some people to dive to great depths as against most people's inability to swim long distances
(D) The psychological profile of those people who are able to delay gratification as against people's inability to control their lives completely
(E) The greater lung capacity of mountain peoples that helps them live in oxygen-poor air as against people's inability to fly without special apparatus
Show: :: OA_26
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25% (01:38) correct
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27. It can be inferred that in his discussion of maladaptive frailties the author assumes that
(A) evolution does not favor the emergence of adaptive characteristics over the emergence of maladaptive ones
(B) any structure or behavior not positively adaptive is regarded as transitory in evolutionary theory
(C) maladaptive characteristics, once fixed, make the emergence of other maladaptive characteristics more likely
(D) the designation of a characteristic as being maladaptive must always remain highly tentative
(E) changes in the total human environment can outpace evolutionary change
Show: :: OA_27
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Re: Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution h
[#permalink]
07 Aug 2020, 23:57
07 Aug 2020, 23:57
7
1
Expert Reply
Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution has shaped not only human morphology but also human behavior.
Some scholar (some means >1 up to 99) believes that the human evolution shaped so forged NOT only our morphology ( how we are now: two arms, no tail and so on) but also how we act, our behaviour. This sentence is an important point because it announces possible huge implications. notice NOT only BUT ALSO
The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints was of feeling, thinking, and acting that "come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture.
The influence the evolution had on us is not at micro level: how we hold a cup of tea but at a macro level, something bigger: our thoughts, feeling, emotions, and so on AND are common in any culture, regardless the nationality or from where you come from
Our "frailties"-emotions and motives such as rage, fear, greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love-may be a very mixed assortment, but they share at least one immediate quality: we are, as we say, "in the grip" of them. And thus they give us our sense of constraints.
This is an important sentence: our frailties = imperfection as humans - such as rage or fear - can be different is their outcomes but they have a common factor: they are useful to give us what are our limits
Unhappily, some of those frailties-our need for ever-increasing security among them-are presently maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.
This is the most difficult part of the passage to grasp: these weaknesses that we hold are difficult to correct. They no only depend on our culture but also our evolution. Therefore they are natural as natural as our protuberances - our arms, our legs -. We need to investigate our habits such as fear, joy or else, from where they come from , their origins to fULLY understand how and when to correct them for not so influencing on us and our common beheviour
Hope this helps
Some scholar (some means >1 up to 99) believes that the human evolution shaped so forged NOT only our morphology ( how we are now: two arms, no tail and so on) but also how we act, our behaviour. This sentence is an important point because it announces possible huge implications. notice NOT only BUT ALSO
The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints was of feeling, thinking, and acting that "come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture.
The influence the evolution had on us is not at micro level: how we hold a cup of tea but at a macro level, something bigger: our thoughts, feeling, emotions, and so on AND are common in any culture, regardless the nationality or from where you come from
Our "frailties"-emotions and motives such as rage, fear, greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love-may be a very mixed assortment, but they share at least one immediate quality: we are, as we say, "in the grip" of them. And thus they give us our sense of constraints.
This is an important sentence: our frailties = imperfection as humans - such as rage or fear - can be different is their outcomes but they have a common factor: they are useful to give us what are our limits
Unhappily, some of those frailties-our need for ever-increasing security among them-are presently maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail, they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive origins in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.
This is the most difficult part of the passage to grasp: these weaknesses that we hold are difficult to correct. They no only depend on our culture but also our evolution. Therefore they are natural as natural as our protuberances - our arms, our legs -. We need to investigate our habits such as fear, joy or else, from where they come from , their origins to fULLY understand how and when to correct them for not so influencing on us and our common beheviour
Hope this helps
General Discussion
Re: Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution h
[#permalink]
03 Aug 2020, 18:22
03 Aug 2020, 18:22
Can someone explain this? Is this the typical standard for GRE?
