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QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp

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QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   20 Sep 2016, 05:47
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In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the response commonly known as goose bumps, and this response is widely considered to be vestigial—that is, something formerly having a greater physiological advantage than at present. It occurs when the tiny muscle at the base of a hair follicle contracts, pulling the hair upright. In animals with feathers, fur, or quills, this creates a layer of insulating warm air or a reason for predators to think twice before attacking. But human hair is too puny to serve these functions. Goose bumps in humans may, however, have acquired a new role. Like flushing—another thermoregulatory (heat-regulating) mechanism—goose bumps have become linked with emotional responses, notably fear, rage, or the pleasure of, say, listening to beautiful music. They may thus serve as a signal to others.
In explaining the “new role” that goose bumps in humans may have acquired, the author assumes which of the following?

A) Emotional responses in humans can be triggered by thermoregulatory mechanisms.
B) The perceptibility of emotional responses to other humans offers some kind of benefit.
C) If human hair were more substantial, goose bumps would not have acquired a new role.
D) Goose bumps in animals with feathers, fur, or quills may also be linked to emotional responses.
E) In humans, goose bumps represent an older physiological response than flushing.




Which of the following best describes the primary function of the next-to-last sentence (“Like . . . music”)?

A) It makes a distinction between two types of mechanisms.
B) It corrects a common misconception about the role of goose bumps in humans.
C) It suggests reasons for the connection between emotional responses and goose bumps in humans.
D) It suggests that flushing and goose bumps signal the same emotional state.
E) It helps explain a possible role played by goose bumps in humans.




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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   20 Sep 2016, 05:49
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Explanation

5) Choice B is the correct answer. Explanation The passage addresses the question of why the pilomotor reflex has survived in human beings despite the fact that its original functions—to insulate and to appear larger to predators—are no longer useful. The suggested reason is that the reflex “has acquired a new role,” namely, as a means to signal to others that one is experiencing a strong emotion. This assumes that the ability to send such a signal is useful to human beings.

6) Choice E is the correct answer. The next-to-last sentence says that goose bumps in humans now serve as an outward sign of strong emotion. If so, this would explain how they could have taken on another role, so Choice E is correct. The sentence does not make a distinction (Choice A), correct a misconception (Choice B), suggest any reason for the connection between emotion and goose bumps (Choice C), or suggest that flushing and goose bumps signal the same state (Choice D).
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   04 Jun 2020, 03:27
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The passage states that the human hair is too puny to create a layer of insulated air or to strike fear in predators. Doesn't this imply that if the hair in humans were substantial enough to make its functions conspicuous, then goosebumps would not have had a new role?
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   04 Jun 2020, 10:06
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Like flushing—another thermoregulatory (heat-regulating) mechanism—goose bumps have become linked with emotional responses, notably fear, rage, or the pleasure of, say, listening to beautiful music.

This is an assumption question not an inference a bit different.

To have some other role we must assume that even though in human the hair had not the same function, to have ANOTHER function we must have had some other factor to have this outcome somehow

Hope this helps
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   08 Jun 2020, 07:31
By this line.
"Like flushing—another thermoregulatory (heat-regulating) mechanism—goose bumps have become linked with emotional responses, notably fear, rage, or the pleasure of, say, listening to beautiful music."

For Q1, can't we say that the assumption is emotional responses are thermoregulatory i.e can't the answer be A?
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   08 Jun 2020, 10:42
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A) Emotional responses in humans can be triggered by thermoregulatory mechanisms.



Like flushing—another thermoregulatory (heat-regulating) mechanism— goosebumps have become linked with emotional responses, notably fear, rage, or the pleasure of, say, listening to beautiful music. They may thus serve as a signal to others.


B) The perceptibility of emotional responses to other humans offers some kind of benefit.

Hope you see the difference.

Let me know in case I will go in depth
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   09 Jun 2020, 04:17
Carcass wrote:
A) Emotional responses in humans can be triggered by thermoregulatory mechanisms.

So here is just an assumption that they are linked and not that the emotional responses are getting triggered by TR mechanisms..

Is that so???



Like flushing—another thermoregulatory (heat-regulating) mechanism— goosebumps have become linked with emotional responses, notably fear, rage, or the pleasure of, say, listening to beautiful music. They may thus serve as a signal to others.


B) The perceptibility of emotional responses to other humans offers some kind of benefit.

Hope you see the difference.

Let me know in case I will go in depth


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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   08 Sep 2021, 22:24
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   08 Sep 2021, 22:37
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taskforce wrote:
Timer is missing on this question.


Fixed
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink] New post   06 Jun 2022, 09:16
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suramya26 wrote:
By this line.
"Like flushing—another thermoregulatory (heat-regulating) mechanism—goose bumps have become linked with emotional responses, notably fear, rage, or the pleasure of, say, listening to beautiful music."

For Q1, can't we say that the assumption is emotional responses are thermoregulatory i.e can't the answer be A?


Another way to eliminate A is:
Passgae says, emotional responses (ER) can (sort of) lead to thermoregulatory mechanism (TRM) such as flushing (ER => TRM)

Option A says, TRM causes ER. This is opposite of what is given in the passage. Hence, eliminate A.
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Re: QOTD # 5-6 In humans, the pilomotor reflex leads to the resp [#permalink]
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