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People whose bodies cannot produce the enzyme glutathione peroxidase
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12 May 2026, 17:07
12 May 2026, 17:07
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People whose bodies cannot produce the enzyme glutathione peroxidase are approximately four times as likely to develop early-onset macular degeneration — a condition that progressively damages the retina — as people whose bodies do produce this enzyme. Given that glutathione peroxidase neutralizes oxidative compounds that would otherwise accumulate in retinal tissue, oxidative stress most likely contributes to the development of early-onset macular degeneration.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument?
A. Researchers are currently investigating whether synthetic glutathione peroxidase can be administered as a therapeutic supplement to people whose bodies cannot produce it naturally
B. Many people whose bodies cannot produce glutathione peroxidase also lack the capacity to produce several other antioxidant enzymes
C. Glutathione peroxidase affects retinal tissue exclusively through its role in neutralizing oxidative compounds
D. Patients diagnosed with early-onset macular degeneration frequently show improvement when treated with anti-VEGF compounds, which reduce abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina
E. A substantial proportion of individuals diagnosed with early-onset macular degeneration are fully capable of producing glutathione peroxidase
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument?
A. Researchers are currently investigating whether synthetic glutathione peroxidase can be administered as a therapeutic supplement to people whose bodies cannot produce it naturally
B. Many people whose bodies cannot produce glutathione peroxidase also lack the capacity to produce several other antioxidant enzymes
C. Glutathione peroxidase affects retinal tissue exclusively through its role in neutralizing oxidative compounds
D. Patients diagnosed with early-onset macular degeneration frequently show improvement when treated with anti-VEGF compounds, which reduce abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina
E. A substantial proportion of individuals diagnosed with early-onset macular degeneration are fully capable of producing glutathione peroxidase
Re: People whose bodies cannot produce the enzyme glutathione peroxidase
[#permalink]
13 May 2026, 07:40
13 May 2026, 07:40
1
The answer is C.
The argument gives us this chain:
People who cannot produce glutathione peroxidase are much more likely to develop early-onset macular degeneration.
Glutathione peroxidase neutralizes oxidative compounds in retinal tissue.
Therefore, oxidative stress probably contributes to early-onset macular degeneration.
A. Incorrect. The fact that researchers are investigating synthetic glutathione peroxidase as a treatment does not directly show that oxidative stress causes or contributes to macular degeneration.
B. Incorrect. This actually creates another possible explanation. If these people also lack other antioxidant enzymes, then maybe the increased risk is caused by the absence of those other enzymes, not specifically by the lack of glutathione peroxidase.
C. Correct. If glutathione peroxidase affects retinal tissue only through its role in neutralizing oxidative compounds, then the lack of this enzyme points directly to oxidative stress as the likely problem. This strengthens the argument.
D. Incorrect. Anti-VEGF treatment relates to abnormal blood vessel growth. This does not support the claim that oxidative stress contributes to the disease.
E. Incorrect. This weakens or at least does not help the argument. If many people with the disease can produce glutathione peroxidase, then lack of this enzyme is not a necessary cause of the disease.
The argument gives us this chain:
People who cannot produce glutathione peroxidase are much more likely to develop early-onset macular degeneration.
Glutathione peroxidase neutralizes oxidative compounds in retinal tissue.
Therefore, oxidative stress probably contributes to early-onset macular degeneration.
A. Incorrect. The fact that researchers are investigating synthetic glutathione peroxidase as a treatment does not directly show that oxidative stress causes or contributes to macular degeneration.
B. Incorrect. This actually creates another possible explanation. If these people also lack other antioxidant enzymes, then maybe the increased risk is caused by the absence of those other enzymes, not specifically by the lack of glutathione peroxidase.
C. Correct. If glutathione peroxidase affects retinal tissue only through its role in neutralizing oxidative compounds, then the lack of this enzyme points directly to oxidative stress as the likely problem. This strengthens the argument.
D. Incorrect. Anti-VEGF treatment relates to abnormal blood vessel growth. This does not support the claim that oxidative stress contributes to the disease.
E. Incorrect. This weakens or at least does not help the argument. If many people with the disease can produce glutathione peroxidase, then lack of this enzyme is not a necessary cause of the disease.
gmatclubot
Re: People whose bodies cannot produce the enzyme glutathione peroxidase [#permalink]
13 May 2026, 07:40
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