Re: 80 percent of the people in the party drink coffee and 10 percent of t
[#permalink]
30 May 2025, 04:00
Let $C$ be the set of people who drink coffee, and $T$ be the set of people who drink tea.
We are given the following information:
- $\(P(C)=0.80\)$ (80\% of people drink coffee)
- $\(P(T$ and $C)=0.10 \times P(C)=0.10 \times 0.80=0.08\)$ (10\% of coffee drinkers also drink tea)
- $\(P($ neither $)=0.10$ ( $10 \%\)$ drink neither coffee nor tea)
This means that the percentage of people who drink at least one of the two drinks is 1 $\(0.10=0.90\)$ or $\(90 \%\)$.
Now let's calculate the requested percentages:
(A) Coffee but not tea
This is the percentage of people who drink coffee minus those who drink both coffee and tea.
$\(P(C$ and $\operatorname{not} T)=P(C)-P(T$ and $C)=0.80-0.08=0.72\)$
So, $72 \%$ of the people in the party drink coffee but not tea.
(B) Tea but not coffee
We know that $\(P(C$ or $T)=P(C$ and $\operatorname{not} T)+P(T$ and $\operatorname{not} C)+P(C$ and $T)\)$.
We also know that $\(P(C$ or $T)=0.90\)$.
So, $\(0.90=0.72+P(T$ and $\operatorname{not} C)+0.08\)$.
$\(0.90=0.80+P(T$ and $\operatorname{not} C)\)$.
$\(P(T$ and $\operatorname{not} C)=0.90-0.80=0.10\)$.
So, 10\% of the people in the party drink tea but not coffee.
(C) Tea
This is the percentage of people who drink tea but not coffee, plus the percentage of people who drink both tea and coffee.
$\(P(T)=P(T$ and $\operatorname{not} C)+P(T$ and $C)=0.10+0.08=0.18$\).
So, $18 \%$ of the people in the party drink tea.