Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist, was the first social scientist to introduce and to use the concept of sociological realism. Of course, the idea of sociological realism was present in the writings of many of his predecessors. But, Durkheim used it not only as a conceptual tool but also as a perspective. His analysis of this concept bolstered the foundations of positivistic and functionalist traditions in sociology. What does Durkheim mean by sociological realism? When members of a society enter into a definite relationship, something more than an aggregate comes into existence. And, this reality, in due course of time, becomes independent of its constituent parts - the individual members. Thus, this perspective of social reality has been termed as sociological realism.

1. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

(A) Social scientists understood the idea of sociological realism.
(B) Emile Durkheim's predecessors did not have a holistic approach to sociological realism.
(C) Durkheim is the proponent of sociological realism.
(D) Earlier, there was no positive approach to sociology.
(E) Members of a society have a clear picture about their roles in society.



2. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

(A) Sociological Realism: A Modern Perspective.
(B) Positivism: A Tested Concept in Sociology.
(C) Definite Relationship: A Strong Social Bond.
(D) Emilie Durkheim: A Pioneer Sociologist.
(E) Sociology: A Tool to Study Society.