Carcass wrote:
If a bicyclist in motion increases his speed by 30 percent and then increases this speed by 10 percent, what percent of the original speed is the total increase in speed?
A. 10%
B. 40%
C. 43%
D. 64%
E. 140%
APPROACH #1: Assign a convenient value to the bicyclist's original speed
Let's say the original speed is
100 kilometers per hour.
When we increase
100 by 30%, we get:
100 + (30% of
100)
= 100 + 30 = 130When we increase
130 by 10%, we get:
130 + (10% of
130)
= 130 + 13 = 143So, the speed increased from
100 kilometers per hour to
143 kilometers per hour.
The percent increase
= 100(new - old)/old = 100(
143 -
100)/
100 =
43%Answer: C
APPROACH #2: Assign a variable to the bicyclist's original speed
Let
x = the original speed in kilometers per hour.
When we increase x by 30%, we get: x + (30% of x) = x + 0.3x =
1.3xWhen we increase
1.3x by 10%, we get:
1.3x + (10% of
1.3x)
= 1.3x + 0.13x = 1.43xSo, the speed increased from
x kilometers per hour to
1.43x kilometers per hour.
The percent increase =
100(new - old)/old = 100(
1.43x -
x)/
x =
43%Answer: C