Carcass wrote:
If light switches numbered from 1 to 4 are either on or off in different combina-tions and switches 1 and 2 are always opposite (e.g., when switch 1 is on, switch 2 is oft), how many different combinations are there if at least one light is on?
(A) 7
(B) 8
(C) 15
(D) 16
(E) 27
Case I:
1 is ON and 2 is OFF - we can have 2 options for 3 and 2 options for 4.
i.e. (2)(2) = 4 options
Case II:
1 is OFF and 2 in ON - again, we can have 2 options for 3 and 2 options for 4.
i.e. (2)(2) = 4 options
Total combinations = 4 + 4 = 8
Hence, option B