Carcass wrote:
If n is divided by 5, the remainder is 1. If 2n is divided by 5, what is the remainder? 
(A) 0 
(B) 1 
(C) 2 
(D) 3 
(E) 4 
A quick approach is to test a value that satisfies the given information (when n is divided by 5, the remainder is 1)
----------ASIDE--------------
When it comes to remainders, we have a nice property that says: 
If N divided by D leaves remainder R, then the possible values of N are R, R+D, R+2D, R+3D,. . . etc.        For example, if k divided by 5 leaves a remainder of 1, then the possible values of k are: 1, 1+5, 1+(2)(5), 1+(3)(5), 1+(4)(5), . . .  etc. 
--------ONTO THE QUESTION!---------------
Since n divided by 5 leaves a remainder of 1, one possible value of n is 
1 [Since 1 divided by 5 equals 0 with remainder 1]Q: If 2n is divided by 5, what is the remainder? If n = 
1, then 2n = (2)(
1) = 
2, and 
2 divided by 5 equals 0 with 
remainder 2Answer: C