The argument says that a burn patient cannot fight bacteria well because the body's natural barrier is damaged. Now, since the doctors do not know what kind of bacteria will attack the patient, they give him/her a broad course of antibiotics. What if there was a way to reduce the number of bacteria that attack the patient.
That is what the question is asking, that to enhance the effectiveness of the standard treatment of the burn patient, what if we isolate the patient so that minimal bacteria attack the patient.
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(A) Keeping the patient in an air-conditioned room until recovery is assured
How will it ensure that the amount of bacteria has been reduced. Maybe the count even increases more. Eliminated.
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(B) Keeping the areas affected by burns as dry as possible
The passage does not differentiate that dry burnt areas do not attract bacteria. Eliminated.
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(C) Continuously monitoring the patient's vital signs with electronic equipment
That might already be in place. Eliminated
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(D) Feeding the patient a diet extra rich in calories
More calories might help in fighting off bacteria. But, it will not reduce the bacteria. Eliminated
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(E) Keeping the patient in a maximally sterile environment
If the patient is kept in a sterile environment, then the patient has less chances. Take the case of coronavirus, where people are advised to be as sterile as possible so that they do not catch the infection. Correct