Carcass wrote:
If a certain sample of data has a mean of 24.0 and the value 31.0 is more than 2.5 standard deviations from the mean, which of the following could be the standard deviation of the sample?
(A) 3.75
(B) 3.50
(C) 3.25
(D) 3.00
(E) 2.75
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A little extra background on
standard deviations above and below the mean If, for example, a set has a standard deviation of 4, then:
1 standard deviation = 4
2 standard deviations = 8
3 standard deviations = 12
1.5 standard deviations = 6
0.25 standard deviations = 1
etc
So, if the mean of a set is 9, and the standard deviation is 4, then:
2 standard deviations ABOVE the mean =
17 [since 9 + 2(4) = 17] 1.5 standard deviations BELOW the mean =
3 [since 9 - 1.5(4) = 3] 3 standard deviations ABOVE the mean =
21 [since 9 + 3(4) = 21] etc.
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A certain sample of data has a mean of 24.0 and the value 31.0 is more than 2.5 standard deviations from the meanLet d = the of the standard deviation.
31 - 24 = 7
This means 7 > 2.5 standard deviations
In other words: 7 > 2.5d
Divide both sides of the inequality by 2.5 to get: 2.8 > d
Since d (the standard deviation) must be less than 2.8, the only possible answer is E