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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
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E states that farmers increased relative to the general population. The other answers are off the mark.
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number of farmers continued to increase, but at a rate lower than that of the general population.

The part in bold from the provided premise clearly conveys that the number of farmers increased. The answer choice (E) states "The proportion of farmers in the general population increased from 68 percent in 1850 to 72 percent in 1880". From the part of answer choice (E) which is in bold, it also supports that the premise (as per my understanding).

I am unable to understand how this answers the question stem "Which of the following statements directly contradicts the information presented above?"

Can someone please explain this?
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
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Very tricky question. It's more like math/logic question to me. I failed working under time constraint, but given some time to think I came up with this:
Let x be number of farmers, p be population, 1850 be period 1, and 1880 be period 2. Then, question says x2>x1, and (x2/x1)-1<(p2/p1)-1 => x2/x1 < p2/p1. Choice E says that x2/p2=68% > x1/p1=72% => x2/x1 > p2/p1, see contradiction?
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
E
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
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So since the population growth is lower than the rate of farmers, in order to contradict the statements we will need some ratio showing increase in the relative numbers of farmers.

A. Supports the statement
B Talks about labor force, thus irrelevant
C & D support by showing how farmer rates are lower
E. Uses 'proportion' to show an increase in number of farmers.

Thus E
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
F1 = 68 P1 = 32
F2 = 72 P2 = 28

Ratio = F2/F1 > P2/P1

It contradicts the passage
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
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The problem I have with this question is that E doesn't prove that the number of farmers increased year over year, just that 1880 rates are 4% higher compared to 1850.
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
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Re: In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number [#permalink]
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