Carcass wrote:
If x, y and z are nonzero numbers and x + y = z, which of the following is equal to 1?
(A) (x - y)/z
(B) (x - z)/y
(C) (y -z)/x
(D) (y -x)/z
(E) (z - y)/x
Approach #1: Algebra
Scan the answer choices looking for prospects...
Take: x + y = z
Subtract y from both sides of the equation to get:
x = z - y(E) (z - y)/x =
x/x = 1
Answer: E
Approach #2: Test values that satisfy the given information
If x + y = z, then it could be the case that x = 2, y = 3 and z = 5
No plug these values into the five answer choices...
(A) (x - y)/z = (2 - 3)/5 = -1/5. Eliminate
(B) (x - z)/y = (2 - 5)/3 = -3/3 = -1. Eliminate
(C) (y -z)/x = (3 - 5)/2 = -2/2 = -1. Eliminate
(D) (y -x)/z = (3 - 2)/5 = 1/5. Eliminate
(E) (z - y)/x = (5 - 3)/2 = 2/2 = 1.
Answer: E