Farina wrote:
pranab223 wrote:
huda wrote:
In a class of 40 students, 12 are left-handed and the other 28 are right-handed. If two students are chosen at random, what’s the probability that one is left-handed and one is right-handed?
Give your answer as a fraction.
Probability first left and then right handed =
1240∗2839=1465Now this can be arranged in 2 ways, because in first case it can be LR. Next it can be RL
Hence, the probability =
1465∗2=2865What is the need of multiplying by 2?
Farina, in order to explain the concept behind the multiplication, I will use combinatorics (I hope that this approach could help you):
1) How many pairs can we construct (total outcomes)?
40!2!(40−2)!=7802) how many pairs of left-handed and right-handed can we do?
12∗28=336why?: For each left-handed student we can find 28 students in order to form a couple (and vice versa), therefore, the quantity of total couples of left-handed and right-handed is given by 336.
3) The probability is given by
PossibleoutcomesTotaloutcomes=336780=2865EDIT: The need for multiplying by 2, is because, otherwise, you are considering only one pair, let's say {left-handed,right-handed}, but you have to consider {right-handed, Left-handed} also.
The possibilities of choosing a right-handed and the left-handed are given by:
28401239The possibilities of choosing a left-handed and a right-handed are given by:
12402839But, those fractions are equal:
12402839=28401239The final probability is equal to the sum of both:
12402839+28401239=2∗28401239=2∗1465