Question 1A - The natural passivisation layer on the surface of aluminium metal, formed as a result of the surface of pure aluminium instantly combining with atmospheric oxygen, causes atmospheric oxygen to react chemically with the metal. Clearly incorrect, the passivisation layer forms as a result of the reaction, it does not cause the reaction.
B - The thin but robust natural passivisation layer on the surface of aluminium metal is less impenetrable (i.e. more penetrable) than typical oxide films, which do not form as swiftly, completely, or impermeably, formed on pure iron. Direct contradiction between the conclusion and the premise. How can the passivisation layer on aluminium be more robust, but also more penetrable, than that of iron.
C - The natural passivisation layer on the surface of aluminium metal, enabling aluminium's modern, ubiquitous manufestations, such as aluminium foil, lowers the utility of aluminium in its uncontaminated state. Firstly, the utility of aluminium in its uncontaminated state is not mentioned in the passage. Secondly, the layer increases the utility of aluminium. This answer choice couldn't be more wrong.
D - The thin but robust natural passivisation layer on the surface of aluminium metal, preventing further corrosion, provides a chemical advantage relative to other metals, whose superficial oxides do not form as swiftly, completely, or impermeably. This looks reasonable.
E - The natural passivisation layer on the surface of aluminium metal, formed as a result of the surface of pure aluminium instantly combining with atmospheric oxygen, precludes the inexpensive purification of the metal by the traditional chemical process. The passage does not contain any information that suggests that the passivisation layer is the reason for expensive purification by the traditional chemical process.
Answer is : D
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