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Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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09 Mar 2019, 02:27
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Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is called pillow lava. This rapid chilling occurs when lava erupts directly into water (or beneath ice) or when it flows across a shoreline and into a body of water. While the term "pillow lava" suggests a definite shape, in fact geologists disagree. Some geologists argue that pillow lava is characterized by discrete, ellipsoidal masses. Others describe pillow lava as a tangled mass of cylindrical, interconnected flow lobes. Much of this controversy probably results from unwarranted extrapolations of the original configuration of pillow flows from two-dimensional cross-sections of eroded pillows in land outcroppings. Virtually any cross section cut through a tangled mass of interconnected flow lobes would give the appearance of a pile of discrete ellipsoidal masses. Adequate three-dimensional images of intact pillows are essential for defining the true geometry of pillowed flows and thus ascertaining their mode of origin. Indeed, the term "pillow," itself suggestive of discrete masses, is probably a misnomer.
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64% (02:09) correct
36% (02:47) wrong based on 59 sessions
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24. Which of the following is a fact presented in the passage?
(A) The shape of the connections between the separate, sacklike masses in pillow lava is unknown. (B) More accurate cross sections of pillow lava would reveal the mode of origin. (C) Water or ice is necessary for the formation of pillow lava. (D) No three-dimensional examples of intact pillows currently exist. (E) The origin of pillow lava is not yet known.
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47% (01:13) correct
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25. In the passage, the author is primarily interested in
(A) analyzing the source of a scientific controversy (B) criticizing some geologists' methodology (C) pointing out the flaws in a geological study (D) proposing a new theory to explain existing scientific evidence (E) describing a physical phenomenon
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26. The author of the passage would most probably agree that the geologists mentioned ("Some geologists") have made which of the following errors in reasoning?
I. Generalized unjustifiably from available evidence. II. Deliberately ignored existing counterevidence. III. Repeatedly failed to take new evidence into account.
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and II only (E) II and III only
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54% (00:53) correct
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27. The author implies that the "controversy" might be resolved if
(A) geologists did not persist in using the term "pillow" (B) geologists did not rely on potentially misleading information (C) geologists were more willing to confer directly with one another (D) two-dimensional cross-sections of eroded pillows were available (E) existing pillows in land outcroppings were not so badly eroded
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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18 May 2020, 09:02
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Zohair123 wrote:
Question 25: Why do we reject B? In the passage, the author shows the interpretation of "some geologists" and in the rest of the passage, tries to refute their claim.
A is a better answer. The author did argue that the "source" of the controversy resulted from the unjustifiable method taken by some geologists. But, the whole passage was centred on the controversy. The author mentioned the kind of controversy, defined its source, and suggested the possible remedy to resolve it.
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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18 Mar 2019, 11:41
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Why do We reject Option E for Question 1 As The last part of the passage says " ... three-dimensional images of intact pillows are essential..thus ascertaining their mode of origin So on this ground we can select Option E ?
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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01 Aug 2019, 13:17
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Expert Reply
The 26th question is tough.
Mainly, you have to go through the reverse process: instead to go passage >> questions attack it the other way around: see if the option somehow is present or can be inferred from the passage.
Quote:
Adequate three-dimensional imagesof intact pillows are essential for defining the true geometryof pillowed flows and thus ascertainingtheirmode oforigin. Indeed, the term "pillow," itself suggestive of discrete masses,is probably a misnomer.
This leads us that only A is the answer correct.
B and C have no traces of information or inference in the passage.
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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18 May 2020, 03:20
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Question 25: Why do we reject B? In the passage, the author shows the interpretation of "some geologists" and in the rest of the passage, tries to refute their claim.
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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23 Jun 2020, 23:44
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I chose option A for the Q27 but after reading through "Much of this controversy probably results from unwarranted extrapolations of the original configuration of pillow flows from two-dimensional cross-sections of eroded pillows in land outcroppings." I understand it is B
But if you read the last line where it says that pillow is a misnomer , it could make option A as a trap choice but the point is that naming it different doesn't resolve the controversy. It came from the idea that extrapolations were done and probably wrong
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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23 Jul 2020, 07:07
For Q26, it is the sentence "Much of this controversy probably results from unwarranted extrapolations" that tells you I is the only correct answer. unwarranted extrapolation is synonymous to unjustified generalization. Neither counter evidence and new evidence was mentioned in the passage.
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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29 Jul 2020, 06:58
theBrahmaTiger wrote:
Zohair123 wrote:
Question 25: Why do we reject B? In the passage, the author shows the interpretation of "some geologists" and in the rest of the passage, tries to refute their claim.
A is a better answer. The author did argue that the "source" of the controversy resulted from the unjustifiable method taken by some geologists. But, the whole passage was centred on the controversy. The author mentioned the kind of controversy, defined its source, and suggested the possible remedy to resolve it.
The one part that bothers me in Q 25, choice A is the word source. I think he analyzes two possible viewpoints, gives his opinion on the controversy, and says what evidence could help end the controversy, but he does not spend the whole time talking about the origins of the controversy, right? That would be more like a historical passage, something along the lines of "This is how the controversy started and these were the people involved." I do agree that B is also an incomplete choice; however.
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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05 Aug 2020, 10:12
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Yiddo_Bhushan wrote:
Why do We reject Option E for Question 1 As The last part of the passage says " ... three-dimensional images of intact pillows are essential..thus ascertaining their mode of origin So on this ground we can select Option E ?
Ascertain means we know something and we just want to confirm it so that is a hint.
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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13 Nov 2022, 13:03
Yiddo_Bhushan wrote:
Why do We reject Option E for Question 1 As The last part of the passage says " ... three-dimensional images of intact pillows are essential..thus ascertaining their mode of origin So on this ground we can select Option E ?
The question ask for the answer " The fat is presented in the passage" I dont find E is presented. how e can be answer
Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal
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30 Sep 2024, 08:49
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Re: Volcanic rock that forms as fluid lava chills rapidly is cal [#permalink]