Q1 - clearly an inference question
refer to the following part of the passage
"studies also acknowledge that few women remained in manufacturing jobs once men returned from the war. But in agriculture, unlike other industries where women were viewed as temporary workers, women’s employment did not end with the war."
"expansion of agriculture and a steady decrease in the number of male farmworkers combined to cause the industry to hire more women in the postwar years."
Thus number of women in Manufacturing decreased after the war, but in agriculture it remained same - therefore %age of men increased in Manufacturing than in agriculture
Let's go through the options:-
A. The rate of expansion in each sector - passage talks about expansion of agriculture sector, but is mum on expansion of manufacturing sector, so we cant infer that the rates of each differed.
B. The percentage of employees in each sector who were men - This can be inferred as explained above
C. The trend in the wages of men employed in each sector - No such thing mentioned
D. The attitude of the popular media toward the employment of women in each sector - attitude of media referred to only in agri sector
E. The extent to which women in each sector were satisfied with their jobs - nothing on this in the passage
Hence Option B is correct
Q2 - inference question
A. Most women who joined the workforce during the Second World War wanted to return to domestic life when the war ended.- that was the rhetoric in media, not the women's opinion
B. The great majority of women who joined the workforce during the Second World War were employed in manufacturing jobs. - no such percentages or comparisons mentioned
C. The end of the Second World War was followed by a large-scale transfer of women workers from manufacturing to agriculture. - no mention of transfers, only reduction in percentage of women in manufacturing and increase percentage of women in agri mentioned.
D. The increase in women’s employment that accompanied the Second World War was longer lasting in agriculture than it was in manufacturing. - mentioned in the passage - "But in agriculture, unlike other industries where women were viewed as temporary workers, women’s employment did not end with the war."
E. The popular media were more forceful in calling for women to join the workforce during the Second World War than in calling for women to return to domestic life after the war. - passage mentions only whats given in the later part of the option
Hence option D is correct.
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