Bunuel wrote:
P* is defined as the number of positive even integers less than P, if P is odd. If P is even, P* is defined as the number of prime integers less than P. What is (5* + 10*)*?
(A) 3*
(B) 4*
(C) 7*
(D) 10*
(E) 11*
Since 5 is odd, 5* represents the number of even integers less than 5. Since the even integers less than 5 are 4 and 2, 5* = 2.
Since 10 is even, 10* represents the number of primes less than 10. Since the primes less than 10 are 7, 5, 3, and 2, 10* = 4.
So, (5* + 10*)* = (2 + 4)* = 6* = 3, since 6 is even and the primes less than 6 are 5, 3, and 2.
We need to find an answer choice that is equal to 3.
We see that 7* = 3, since there are 3 even numbers less than 7, namely, 6, 4, and 2.
Answer: C